The Very Big List Of Old West Maladies
The ailments of the early American West seemed like a good reason to want to be born a century later.
In the days of Melodrama in the Old West, physicians were scarce and poorly educated. Treatments was often based on the now-discredited theory of the four bodily humors that had to be kept in balance. These might include such treatments as bleeding (sometimes using live leeches), cold baths, blistering agents, and other remedies that were worse than the ailments that they were meant to treat! Phrenology was considered a science where the reading of bumps on a head could be used as evidence as to what might "ail" you. Deadly epidemics such as cholera, malaria, scurvy, and typhoid swept across the old West, compounded by potentially fatal illnesses like diphtheria, fevers, influenza, smallpox, and tuberculosis. Some old-fashioned names for diseases even sounded worse than modern desctiptions. Today routine childhood immunizations have nearly erased many of the diseases on this list below - like diphtheria which once was a tragic illness and now there are less than five cases here a year in the US.
Many people placed their faith in patent medicines, pitched by traveling "snake oil" salesmen who never failed to entertain the crowds before offering their cure-alls. Your could hear the salesman say ... Step right up ladies and gentlemen "Our unrivaled elixir can cure all the ills of man or beast including ..."
ABSCESS
A localized collection of
pus buried in tissues, organs, or confined spaces of
the body, often accompanied by swelling and
inflammation and frequently caused by bacteria.
ABLEPSY
Blindness
ACUTE MANIA
Severe insanity
ADDISON'S DISEASE
A disease characterized
by severe weakness, low blood pressure, and a
bronzed coloration of the skin, due to decreased
secretion of cortisol from the adrenal gland. Also
known as bronzed skin disease. Not to be confused
with Brown Dropsy which is an inability to process
metals in food.
AGUE
Used to define the
recurring fever & chills of malarial infection.
AMERICAN PLAGUE
Yellow fever
ANASARCA
Generalized massive edema
(swelling)
APHONIA
Laryngitis
APHTHA
Thrush
APOPLEXY
Paralysis due to stroke
ASPHYCSIA/ASPHICSIA
Cyanotic and lack of
oxygen
ATROPHY
Wasting away (generally
from lack of use, i.e. muscles)
BILIOUS FEVER
Typhoid, malaria,
hepatitis
BILIOUSNESS
Jaundice or other
symptoms associated with liver disease; may also
have been any upset leading to vomiting bile or just
vomiting.
BLACK FEVER
Acute infection with high
temperature and dark red skin lesions and high
mortality rate
BLACK JAUNDICE
Wiel's Disease; Black
Water fever (deadly form of malaria)
BLACK PLAGUE OR
DEATH
Bubonic plague
BLACK POX
Black Smallpox
BLACKWATER FEVER
Dark urine associated
with high temperature (deadly form of malaria)
BLADDER IN THROAT
Diphtheria (not certain
but a best guess)
BLOOD POISONING
Bacterial infection;
septicemia
BONE SHAVE
Sciatica
BRAIN
FEVER
Meningitis
BREAKBONE
Dengue fever
BRIGHT'S DISEASE
Chronic inflammatory
disease of kidneys
BRONZE JOHN
Yellow fever
BRUCELLOSIS
Humans become infected by
coming in contact with animals or animal products
that are contaminated with these bacteria. In
humans’ brucellosis can cause a range of symptoms
that are similar to the flu and may include fever,
sweats, headaches, back pains, and physical
weakness. - MILK FEVER
BULE
Boil, tumor or swelling.
CACHEXY
Malnutrition
CACOGASTRIC
Upset stomach.
CACOSPYSY
Irregular pulse
CADUCEUS
Subject to falling
sickness or epilepsy.
CAMP FEVER
Typhus; aka Camp diarrhea
CANINE MADNESS
Rabies, hydrophobia
CANKER
Ulceration of mouth or
lips or herpes simplex
CATALEPSY
Seizures / trances
CATARRHAL
Nose and throat discharge
from cold or allergy
CEREBRITIS
Inflammation of cerebrum
or lead poisoning
CHILBLAIN
Swelling of extremities
caused by exposure to cold.
CHIN COUGH
Whooping cough
CHLOROSIS
Iron deficiency anemia;
leukemia
CHOLECYSTITUS
Inflammation of the gall
bladder
CHOLELITHIASIS
Gall stones
CHOLERA
Acute severe contagious
diarrhea with intestinal lining sloughing
CHOLERA MORBUS
Characterized by nausea,
vomiting, abdominal cramps, elevated temperature,
etc. Could have been a misdiagnosis of a case of
appendicitis.
CHOREA
Disease characterized by
convulsions, contortions and dancing
COLD PLAGUE
Ague which is
characterized by chills
COLIC
An abdominal pain and
cramping
COMMOTION
Concussion
CONGESTION
Any collection of fluid
in an organ, like the lungs
CONGESTIVE CHILLS
Malaria
CONGESTIVE FEVER
Malaria
CONSUMPTION
Tuberculosis; Wasting
sickness
CORRUPTION
Infection
CORYZA
A cold
COSTIVENESS
Constipation
CRAMP COLIC
Appendicitis
CROP SICKNESS
Overextended stomach
CROUP
Laryngitis, diphtheria,
or strep throat
CYANOSIS
Dark skin color from lack
of oxygen in blood
CYNANCHE
Diseases of throat
CYSTITIS
Inflammation of the
bladder
DAY FEVER
Fever lasting one day;
sweating sickness
DEBILITY
Lack of movement or
staying in bed
DECREPITUDE
Feebleness due to old age
DELIRIUM TREMENS
Hallucinations due to
alcoholism
DENGUE
Infectious fever endemic
to East Africa
DENTITION
Cutting of teeth
DEPLUMATION
Tumor of the eyelids
which causes hair loss
DIARY FEVER
A fever that lasts one
day
DIPTHERIA
Contagious disease of the
throat
DISTEMPER
Usually animal disease
with malaise, discharge from nose and throat,
anorexia
DOCK FEVER
Yellow fever
DROPSY
Edema (swelling), often
caused by kidney or heart disease
DROPSY OF THE
BRAIN
Encephalitis
DRY
BELLYACHE
Lead poisoning
DYSCRASY
An abnormal body
condition (usually with the blood)
DYSENTERY
Inflammation of colon
with frequent passage of mucous and blood
DYSOREXY
Reduced appetite
DYSPEPSIA
Indigestion and a gnawing
or burning stomach pain with Bloating and Heartburn
connected also with Heart attack symptoms
DYSURY
Difficulty in urination
EDEMA
Nephrosis; swelling of
tissues
EDEMA OF LUNGS
Congestive heart failure,
a form of dropsy
EEL THING
Erysipelas
ELEPHANTIASIS
A form of leprosy
ENCEPHALITIS
Swelling of brain; aka
sleeping sickness
ENTERIC
FEVER
Typhoid fever
ENTERITIS
Inflations of the bowels
ENTEROCOLITIS
Inflammation of the
intestines
EPITAXIS
Simply it is a nose bleed
ERYSIPELAS
Contagious skin disease,
due to Streptococci with vesicular and bulbous
lesions it is caused by group A B-hemolytic
streptococcus bacteria..
FALLING SICKNESS
Epilepsy
FATTY
LIVER
Cirrhosis of liver
FITS
Sudden attack or seizure
of muscle activity
FLUX
An excessive flow or
discharge of fluid like hemorrhage or diarrhea
FLUX OF HUMOUR
Circulation
GATHERING
A collection of pus
GLANDULAR FEVER
Mononucleosis
GOUT
An inflammation usually
of an extremity
GREEN FEVER /
SICKNESS
Anemia
GRIPPE/GRIP
Influenza like symptoms
GROCER'S ITCH
Skin disease caused by
mites in sugar or flour
HALLUCINATION
Delirium
HEART SICKNESS
Condition caused by loss
of salt from body
HEAT STROKE
Body temperature elevates
because of surrounding environment temperature and
body does not perspire to reduce heat. Coma and
death could result.
HECTICAL
COMPLAINT
Recurrent fever
HEMIPLEGY
Paralysis of one side of
body
HIP GOUT
Osteomyelitis, a staph
infection
HORRORS
Delirium tremens
HYDROCEPHALUS
Enlarged head, water on
the brain
HYDROPERICARDIUM
Heart dropsy
HYDROPHOBIA
Rabies
HYDROTHROAX
Dropsy in chest
HYPERTROPHIC
Enlargement of organ,
like the heart
IMPETIGO
Contagious skin disease
characterized by pustules
INANITION
Physical condition
resulting from lack of food
INFANTILE
PARALYSIS
Polio
INTESTINAL COLIC
Abdominal pain due to
improper diet
JAIL FEVER
Typhus
JAUNDICE
Condition caused by
blockage of intestines
KING'S EVIL
Scrofula, a tubercular
infection of the throat lymph glands (also syphilis)
KRUCHHUSTEN
Whooping cough
LA GRIPPE
Flu or influenza
LOCKJAW
Tetanus or infectious
disease affecting the muscles of the neck and jaw.
Untreated, it can be fatal in as few as 8 days
LONG SICKNESS
Tuberculosis
LUMBAGO
Back pain
LUNG FEVER
Pneumonia
LUNG SICKNESS
Tuberculosis
MALIGNANT SORE
THROAT
Diphtheria
MANIA
Insanity
MARASMUS
Progressive wasting away
of body, like malnutrition
MEMBRANOUS CROUP
Diphtheria
MENINGITIS
Inflations of brain or
spinal cord
METRITIS
Inflammation of uterus or
purulent vaginal discharge
MIASMA
Poisonous vapors thought
to infect the air
MILK FEVER
Disease from drinking
contaminated milk, like undulant fever or
brucellosis
MILK LEG
Phlebitis; a painful
swelling of the leg soon after childbirth, due to
thrombosis of the large veins; Painful swelling of
the leg beginning at the ankle and ascending or at
the groin and extending down the thigh... its usual
cause is infection after labor; Postpartum
thrombophlebitis
MILK
SICKNESS
Disease from milk of
cattle which had eaten poisonous weeds
MORMAL
Gangrene
MORPHEW
Scurvy blisters on the
body
MORTIFICATION
Gangrene of necrotic
tissue; Infection
MYELITIS
Inflammation of the spine
MYOCARDITIS
Inflammation of heart
muscles
NECROSIS
Mortification of bones or
tissue
NEPHROSIS
Kidney degeneration
NEPRITIS
Inflammation of kidneys
NERVOUS
PROSTRATION
Extreme exhaustion from
inability to control physical and mental activities
NEURALGIA
Described as discomfort,
such as "Headache" was neuralgia in in your head
NOSTALGIA
Homesickness
PALSY
Paralysis or uncontrolled
movement of controlled muscles.
PAROXYSM
Convulsion
PEMPHIGUS
Skin disease of watery
blisters
PERICARDITIS
Inflammation of heart
PERIPNEUMONIA
Inflammation of lungs
PERITONOTIS
Inflammation of abdominal
area
PETECHIAL FEVER
Fever characterized by
skin spotting
PHLEGMASIA ALBA
DOLENS
Milk Leg - Painful
thrombosis of the femoral vein in the leg following
childbirth
PHTHIRIASIS
Lice
PHTHISIS
Chronic wasting away or a
name for tuberculosis
PLAGUE
An acute febrile highly
infectious disease with a high fatality rate
PLEURISY
Any pain in the chest
area with each breath
PODAGRA
Gout
POTT'S DISEASE
Tuberculosis of spine
PROTEIN DISEASE
Gomerulonephritis; a once
relatively common childhood kidney disease that
causes the kidney to leak protein. This is a
secondary (allergic) reaction to certain kinds of
strep infections. Now very uncommon ... go figure.
PUKING
FEVER
Milk sickness
PUTRID
FEVER
Diphtheria.
QUINSY
Tonsillitis.
REMITTING
FEVER
Malaria
RHEUMATISM
Any disorder associated
with pain in joints
RICKETS
Disease of skeletal
system
ROSE COLD
Hay fever or nasal
symptoms of an allergy
RUBEOLA
German measles
SANGUINEOUS CRUST
Scab
SCARLATINA
Scarlet fever
SCARLET FEVER
A disease characterized
by red rash
SCARLET RASH
An old west alternative
for Roseola
SCIATICA
Rheumatism in the hips
SCIRRHUS
Cancerous tumors
SCOTOMY
Dizziness, nausea and
dimness of sight
SCRIVENER'S PALSY
Writer's cramp
SCROFULA
Tuberculosis of neck
lymph glands. Progresses slowly with abscesses and
pustules develop. Young person's disease
SCRUMPOX
Skin disease, impetigo
SCURVY
Lack of vitamin C.
Symptoms of weakness, spongy gums and hemorrhages
under skin
SEPTICEMIA
Blood poisoning
SHAKES
Delirium tremens
SHAKING
Chills or ague
SHINGLES
Viral disease with skin
blisters resulting from the Chicken Pox virus
SHIP FEVER
Typhus
SIRIASIS
Inflammation of the brain
due to sun exposure
SLOES
Milk sickness
SMALLPOX
Contagious disease with
fever and blisters
SORE THROAT
DISTEMPER
Diphtheria or quinsy
SPASMS
Sudden involuntary
contraction of muscle or group of muscles, like a
convulsion
SPINA BIFIDA
Deformity of spine
SPOTTED FEVER
Either typhus or
meningitis
SPRUE
Tropical disease
characterized by intestinal disorders and sore
throat
ST. ANTHONY'S
FIRE
Also, erysipelas, but
named so because of affected skin areas are bright
red in appearance
ST. VITAS DANCE
Ceaseless occurrence of
involuntary rapid complex jerking movements.
STOMATITIS
Inflammation of the mouth
STRANGER'S FEVER
Yellow fever
STRANGERY
Rupture
SUDOR ANGLICUS
Sweating sickness
SUNSTROKE
Uncontrolled elevation of
body temperature due to environment heat. Lack of
sodium in the body is a predisposing cause
SWAMP SICKNESS
Could be malaria, typhoid
or encephalitis
THROMBOSIS
Blood clot inside blood
vessel
THRUSH
Childhood disease
characterized by spots on mouth, lips and throat
TICK FEVER
Rocky Mountain spotted
fever
TUSSIS CONVULSIVA
Whooping cough
TYPHUS
Infectious fever
characterized high fever, headache, and dizziness
VARIOLA
Smallpox
VENESECTION
Bleeding
VIPER'S DANCE
St. Vitus Dance
WINTER FEVER
Pneumonia
WORM FIT
Convulsions associated
with teething, worms, elevated temperature or
diarrhea
YELLOWJACKET
Another old west term for
Yellow Fever.
OLD-WEST 'ELIXIRS' AND MEDICINE SHOWS
Most of these medicines
were at best harmless (unless you might be using
heavy machinery). Many actually contained generous
quantities of alcohol, opium, or cocaine, ensuring a
quick feeling of well-being for first-time
customers, followed by the possibility of habitual
use. These medicines were widely advertised in
magazines, newspapers, mail order catalogs,
storefronts, on fence posts, and even barn roofs.
These nostrums were pitched far and wide, but no
promotion could beat the hoopla of a traveling
medicine show. These shows featured music, comedy,
juggling, and overblown rhetoric mixed with
testimonials and stunts to demonstrate cures.
Admission was free, with the performers making a
living from the sale of cure-alls and a few assorted
other items. The masters of ceremonies would usually
add the title of "Doctor" or "Professor" to their
names to give themselves a recognizable sense of
liquidity.
There was Dr. Kilmer's
Swamp Root, Dr. Hercules Sanche's Oxydonor Balm of
Gilead, Mullen's Liniment, Rite Wate Fat Reducer
compound that promised a safe way to a slender
healthy figure, Trilene tablets for all fat people,
Hamlin's Wizard Oil Pain Remedy, Simmon's Liver
Regulator, Pink Pills for Pale People, and of course
Dr. J. Millers vegetable expectorant ... invaluable
for all lung troubles. Few of these "cures" actually
healed and many didn’t contain promised ingredients,
for example:
VITAL SPARKS -
Which promised to revitalize
masculine virility, It was nothing more than a
concoction made by rolling rock candy in powdered
aloe.
TIGER FAT -
A cure-all balm reportedly made from
Royal Bengal tiger backbone, was in reality
concocted of Vaseline, camphor, menthol and other
aromatic oils.
NERVINE -
A purported nerve sedative, had alcohol as
its main ingredient (and lots of it). It advertised
a cure for nervousness, indigestion, irritability,
seasickness and sleeplessness.
KA-TON-KA -
A medicine purportedly made from
Indian herbs by the Modoc and Nez Perce Indian
tribes. In reality, it was made in Pennsylvania, and
simply contained a modicum of alcohol, sugar, aloes
and baking soda.
PROFESSOR MACK'S MIRACLE ELIXIR OF LIFE -
A Medicine
that could purportedly cure just about anything that
might afflict you. In reality a concentrated black
tea extract with herbs and tree bark extract. Since
the bark was from the white willow variety the
concoction contained naturally occurring salicylic
acid which modern day aspirin owes it heritage. And
the tannins in the black tea had several calming
benefits for the stomach and even if applied
topically. So, in comparison to the rest of the
elixirs ... Professor Mack almost got it right. It
also contained 12% distilled alcohol which explained
its popularity and why people kept buying the elixir
even though their maladies persisted. Produced until
the Professor's disappearance in 1910.
By the early 1900s,
suspicion was rising about the value of these
nostrums and so called "Elixirs". And so the U.S.
Food and Drug Administration was established in the
1920s to regulate the nation’s drug industry and
Medicine Show became a thing of the past.
The golden age of
Medicine Shows took advantage of a receptive,
unsophisticated public who may have been awed by
legitimate scientific discoveries of the time.
People such as Thomas Edison, Alexander Bell and
Madame Curie had stirred the public’s dreams for
inventions that would make daily life easier. If you
looked at the "medical journals" of the time you
would be barraged with recommended cures for
maladies that have all but vanished in this 20th
century.